Phosphoric acid, also known as orthophosphate, is a common inorganic acid with the formula H3PO4 and a molecular weight of 97.995. Phosphoric acid is not easy to volatilize, not easy to decompose, almost no oxidation, with acid commonness, is a ternary weak acid, its acidity is weaker than hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, but stronger than acetic acid, boric acid, etc. Phosphoric acid is easily deliquesced in the air, and heat will lose water to get pyrophosphoric acid, and then further lose water to get metaphosphate.
Belong to strong acid, phosphate crystallization point (freezing point) for 21 ºC, precipitation when temperature below the half water (ice) chip.Usually phosphate in above 10 ºC or more, of course, also not knot under low temperature (ice) crystal, this is due to the nature of phosphate is too cold, also is the actual listing of phosphate in 21 ºC will deviate from its junction (ice) crystal point, not immediately (ice) crystal phenomenon exists.But at such a low temperature for a period of time, phosphoric acid can easily form crystals in its resting state.
Phosphoric acid crystals, like other liquid crystals, are physical rather than chemical changes.The chemical properties will not be changed by crystallization, that is, the quality of phosphoric acid will not be affected by crystallization, as long as the temperature melting or heating water dilution solution, still can be used normally.
CAS No. | 7664-38-2 |
HS Code | 2809201100 |
UN No. | UN 1805 |
Grade | industry grade 85% Food grade 85% |
Packing | 35kg drum 26.6 tons/20’FCL 330kg drum 26.4 tons/20’FCL 1650 IBC drum 26.4 tons/20’FCL |
Character | |
Density | 2.2± 0.1g /cm3 |
Boiling point | 158.0±0.0 °C at 760 mmHg |
Melting point | ~40 °C(lit.) |
Molecular formula | H3O4P |
Molecular weight | 97.995 |
Accurate mass | 97.976898 |
PSA | 87.57,000 |
LogP | -2.15 |
Appearance | Transparent liquid |
Vapor density | 3.4 (vs air) |
Vapor pressure | 1.4±0.6 mmHg at 25°C |
Refractive index | 1.510 |
1. Phosphoric acid is used for fertilizers
2. Food-grade phosphoric acid (additive E338) is used to acidify foods and beverages such as various colas and jams, providing a tangy or sour taste.
3. In anti-rust treatment by phosphate conversion coating or passivation
4. As an external standard for phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance.
5. In phosphoric acid fuel cells.
6. In activated carbon production.
7. In compound semiconductor processing, to etch Indium gallium arsenide selectively with respect to indium phosphide.
8. In microfabrication to etch silicon nitride selectively with respect to silicon dioxide.
9. As a pH adjuster in cosmetics and skin-care products.
10. As a sanitizing agent in the dairy, food, and brewing industries.
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